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Year 11 Science — Carbon and its compounds

Explain why carbon shares electrons rather than trading them, tell a saturated compound from an unsaturated one, work along a homologous series, and name what soap does to oily dirt.

Name: ________________________

  1. 1.A gas stove burns with a yellow flame and blackens the bottom of the pan. What has gone wrong?

    • a) The air holes are blocked, so the fuel is burning incompletely
    • b) The gas is being fed in too slowly
    • c) The pan is too close to the flame
    • d) The fuel is unsaturated and cannot burn cleanly

  2. 2.How many different carbon skeletons can be drawn for the formula C₄H₁₀?

    • a) Four
    • b) Two
    • c) One
    • d) Three

  3. 3.One soap molecule is drawn at the surface of the water below: a small ring on the end of a long zig-zag chain, with the water line marked. Tap the end that sits in the water.

    Write the number of the part.

    12

  4. 4.Put the saturated chains in order of how many carbon atoms they hold, fewest first, beginning with "Methane".

    • Pentane
    • Propane
    • Butane
    • Ethane
    • Hexane
    • Methane

  5. 5.Why does carbon share electrons instead of gaining or losing four of them?

    • a) Carbon already has a full outermost shell
    • b) Six protons could neither hold ten electrons nor be stripped of four without great cost
    • c) Carbon has no electrons in its outermost shell to give away
    • d) Carbon atoms are too large to hold a charge

  6. 6.Methane and chlorine are left together in sunlight, and one hydrogen of the methane is replaced by a chlorine atom. What kind of reaction is this?

    • a) An addition reaction
    • b) An oxidation reaction
    • c) An esterification reaction
    • d) A substitution reaction

  7. 7.Match each ending used in a compound's name to the class of compound it marks.

    • Suffix -ol
    • Suffix -al
    • Suffix -one
    • Suffix -oic acid
    • Suffix -yne
    • Carboxylic acid
    • Alkyne
    • Ketone
    • Alcohol
    • Aldehyde

  8. 8.Ethanoic acid is warmed with ethanol and a little concentrated sulphuric acid, and the mixture ends up smelling sweet. What is the sweet-smelling product called? Answer with one word.

Answer key — Year 11 Science — Carbon and its compounds

  1. 1. a) The air holes are blocked, so the fuel is burning incompletely
  2. 2. b) Two
  3. 3. 1 — The ionic end
  4. 4. 1. Methane 2. Ethane 3. Propane 4. Butane 5. Pentane 6. Hexane
  5. 5. b) Six protons could neither hold ten electrons nor be stripped of four without great cost
  6. 6. d) A substitution reaction
  7. 7. Suffix -ol → Alcohol; Suffix -al → Aldehyde; Suffix -one → Ketone; Suffix -oic acid → Carboxylic acid; Suffix -yne → Alkyne
  8. 8. ester