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Term pack

Class 6 Science

Name: ________________________

Skills in this pack

  • The components of food
  • Vitamins and minerals
  • Exploring magnets
  • Measuring length
  • Motion and reference points
  • Materials around us
  • Temperature and its measurement
  • States of water and the water cycle
  • Methods of separation
  • Living and non-living

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Class 6 Science · 1 of 10

The components of food

Name the nutrients in food, sort familiar foods by the nutrient they are rich in, and read the results of the three food tests.

Before you start

Each part of this meal is a source the chapter names for one nutrient.

1234
  1. 1. Rice — carbohydrate
  2. 2. Pulses — protein
  3. 3. Ghee — fat
  4. 4. Lemon — vitamin C

One plate can carry several nutrient groups at once, which is what a balanced diet is built out of.

  1. 1.Match each nutrient to the sign that shows it is present in a food.

    • Starch
    • Fat
    • Protein
    • oily patch on paper
    • violet colour in the test tube
    • blue-black colour with iodine

  2. 2.Sort each food into the nutrient the chapter names it as a rich source of.

    Groups: Carbohydrate · Fat · Protein

    • Egg
    • Potato
    • Butter
    • Ghee
    • Pulses
    • Rice
    • Fish

  3. 3.A thali is served with rice, pulses, ghee and butter on it. Which of them does the chapter name as a source of protein?

    • a) Butter
    • b) Rice
    • c) Ghee
    • d) Pulses

  4. 4.Which pair of nutrients does the chapter group together as the energy-giving foods?

    • a) Fibre and water
    • b) Proteins and vitamins
    • c) Vitamins and minerals
    • d) Carbohydrates and fats

  5. 5.The chapter splits the sources of protein into two lists. Sort each one.

    Groups: Plant source of protein · Animal source of protein

    • Peas
    • Paneer
    • Milk
    • Beans

  6. 6.Dietary fibre supplies no nutrients, but it helps the body get rid of undigested food. What is its other name in the chapter?

  7. 7.Starch is a kind of which major nutrient?

    • a) Fat
    • b) Carbohydrate
    • c) Protein
    • d) Mineral

  8. 8.A diet that supplies the essential nutrients, roughage and water in the right amounts for proper growth is called a ___ diet. Which word fills the gap?

The components of food · Class 6 Science · www.arenapublications.com/learn

Class 6 Science · 2 of 10

Vitamins and minerals

Tell vitamins from minerals, match each to the deficiency disease its long shortage causes, and say what the protective nutrients do.

Before you start

What each nutrient does for the body, and what goes wrong without it.

12345
  1. 1. Vitamin A → loss of vision
  2. 2. Vitamin C → scurvy
  3. 3. Calcium → bone and tooth decay
  4. 4. Iron → anaemia
  5. 5. Iodine → goitre

Each row pairs a protective nutrient with what a long shortage of it brings on. The disease is the clue that points back to the missing nutrient.

  1. 1.Sort each of these into vitamins and minerals.

    Groups: Vitamin · Mineral

    • Iodine
    • Vitamin A
    • Vitamin C
    • Iron
    • Calcium
    • Vitamin D

  2. 2.Match each nutrient to the disease its long shortage brings on.

    • Vitamin A
    • Vitamin B1
    • Vitamin C
    • Vitamin D
    • Iodine
    • Iron
    • anaemia
    • loss of vision
    • scurvy
    • rickets
    • beriberi
    • goitre

  3. 3.Which two foods does the chapter list as sources of vitamin A?

    • a) Pulses and eggs
    • b) Sugar and honey
    • c) Carrot and milk
    • d) Orange and lemon

  4. 4.Why are millets also called nutri-cereals?

    • a) They supply vitamins, minerals such as iron and calcium, and dietary fibre
    • b) They are the cheapest cereals to grow
    • c) They can be eaten without being cooked
    • d) They carry no carbohydrates

  5. 5.Bleeding and swollen gums, and slow healing of wounds, are signs of one deficiency disease. What is it called?

  6. 6.Common salt mixed with the required quantities of salts of iodine is given a two-word name. What is it?

  7. 7.Vitamins and minerals are needed in small amounts. What does the chapter say follows from that?

    • a) Nothing — they are still essential to keeping the body healthy
    • b) They can be left out of the diet safely
    • c) They are needed by adults but not by children
    • d) They matter less than carbohydrates do

  8. 8.In parts of India, swelling at the front of the neck was widespread until a change was made to common salt. What was the missing nutrient?

    • a) Calcium
    • b) Iodine
    • c) Iron
    • d) Vitamin D

Vitamins and minerals · Class 6 Science · www.arenapublications.com/learn

Class 6 Science · 3 of 10

Exploring magnets

Sort materials into magnetic and non-magnetic, find the poles of a magnet, and work out what happens when two magnets are brought together.

Before you start

Along a bar magnet, the pull is strongest at some places and weakest at others.

123
  1. 1. North pole
  2. 2. The middle
  3. 3. South pole

Iron filings crowd at the two ends and hardly any stick along the middle. The two ends behave the same way towards filings; what tells them apart is how they behave towards another magnet.

  1. 1.A bar magnet is snapped cleanly in half. What do you have afterwards?

    • a) Two smaller magnets, each with a North and a South pole
    • b) Two pieces of plain iron carrying no poles
    • c) One magnet and one non-magnetic piece
    • d) One piece with a North pole and one piece with a South pole

  2. 2.A magnet has two of these, and the chapter calls one of them North and the other South. What is the word for them?

  3. 3.Two magnets are brought close, pole to pole. Sort each pairing by what it does.

    Groups: Attract · Repel

    • Two unlike poles, South facing North
    • Two unlike poles, North facing South
    • Two like poles, South facing South
    • Two like poles, North facing North

  4. 4.Which single test tells a magnet apart from a plain iron bar?

    • a) See whether it is heavier than the known magnet
    • b) See whether one pole of a known magnet pushes it away
    • c) See whether it sticks to a wooden table
    • d) See whether a known magnet pulls it towards itself

  5. 5.A magnet hangs from a thread and is free to turn. It settles along a line joining which two directions? Answer with both, joined by a hyphen.

  6. 6.Iron filings are scattered under this bar magnet. Tap the part where the fewest of them would stick.

    Write the number of the part.

    123

  7. 7.Which of these is a shape the chapter names for a magnet?

    • a) A cone magnet
    • b) A ring magnet
    • c) A spiral magnet
    • d) A cube magnet

  8. 8.Match each term to what it means.

    • Non-magnetic material
    • Magnetic material
    • Magnetic compass
    • points along north-south
    • drawn towards a magnet
    • left alone by a magnet

Exploring magnets · Class 6 Science · www.arenapublications.com/learn

Class 6 Science · 4 of 10

Measuring length

Say why standard units are needed, convert between kilometre, metre, centimetre and millimetre, and read a scale the right way.

Before you start

Slide along this 15-centimetre scale. Between each pair of big marks there is 1 cm, and each of those is cut into 10 parts of 1 mm.

0123456789101112131415

The smallest length this scale can measure is 1 mm, which is one-tenth of one of these steps.

  1. 1.A cloth is 3 m long. How many centimetres is that? Answer with a number.

  2. 2.A road is 7 km long. How many metres is that? Answer with a number.

  3. 3.A 15-cm scale is drawn out below. Which mark sits at 7 cm?

    Mark the line with an X.

    0123456789101112131415

  4. 4.Put the steps for measuring a curved line with a thread back into order.

    • Measure the thread against a metre scale
    • Mark where the curve begins and ends on the thread
    • Straighten the thread out
    • Lay a thread along the curved line

  5. 5.You want to measure the girth of a tree trunk. Which is the right instrument?

    • a) A rigid metre scale
    • b) A pair of dividers
    • c) A flexible measuring tape
    • d) A 15-cm plastic scale

  6. 6.Five children measure one table with their handspans and get five different numbers. What does the chapter say is going on?

    • a) The table changes length through the day
    • b) Their handspans are different sizes, so the unit itself differs
    • c) Some of them counted carelessly
    • d) A handspan cannot be used to measure anything

  7. 7.What is the SI unit of length? Give the word, not the symbol.

  8. 8.Sort each unit by whether it is a standard unit or one taken from the body.

    Groups: Standard unit · Unit taken from the body

    • Centimetre
    • Angula
    • Kilometre
    • Metre
    • Handspan

Measuring length · Class 6 Science · www.arenapublications.com/learn

Class 6 Science · 5 of 10

Motion and reference points

Use a reference point to decide whether something is moving, and tell linear, circular and oscillatory motion apart.

Before you start

Each thing in this park shows one of the three kinds of motion.

123
  1. 1. Swing — oscillatory
  2. 2. Merry-go-round — circular
  3. 3. Slide — linear

The swing and the merry-go-round both come back to where they started, again and again. That is what makes them periodic.

  1. 1.Which pair of motions does the chapter call periodic?

    • a) Linear and oscillatory
    • b) Linear and circular
    • c) Circular and oscillatory
    • d) Linear on its own

  2. 2.Five friends were asked whether the garden was nearer than the school. They gave different answers and each was right. Why?

    • a) Each was measuring from their own house instead of from a shared point
    • b) They were using different units of length
    • c) The garden moves during the day
    • d) Some of them had been to the garden and some had not

  3. 3.When is an object said to be in motion?

    • a) When its position changes with respect to the reference point over time
    • b) When it is making a noise
    • c) When it is not touching the ground
    • d) When it is heavier than the reference point

  4. 4.Padma reads 'Delhi 70 km' on one kilometre stone and 'Delhi 60 km' on the next. What is the reference point here?

    • a) Delhi
    • b) Padma's grandparents
    • c) The bus
    • d) The kilometre stone

  5. 5.An eraser hangs from a thread. You pull it to one side and let go. What does it do?

    • a) Stays exactly where you released it
    • b) Moves to and fro, in the same way as a swing
    • c) Travels off in a straight line
    • d) Turns in a full circle

  6. 6.A distance is stated with respect to a fixed object or point. What are those two words for that fixed point?

  7. 7.A tree stands in a field. Taking the ground as the reference point, what is the tree?

    • a) Neither, because a tree is a living thing
    • b) In motion, because it grows
    • c) In motion, because the Earth is turning
    • d) At rest, because its position does not change

  8. 8.A heavy box is pushed straight across a floor. Which kind of motion is that?

    • a) Oscillatory motion
    • b) Periodic motion
    • c) Linear motion
    • d) Circular motion

Motion and reference points · Class 6 Science · www.arenapublications.com/learn

Class 6 Science · 6 of 10

Materials around us

Group materials by whether you can see through them, whether they dissolve in water, and whether they shine — and say what makes something matter.

Before you start

How much of the shape behind each pane gets through.

123
  1. 1. Window glass
  2. 2. Butter paper
  3. 3. Cardboard

The same shape sits behind each of the three panes: sharp through the transparent one, blurred through the translucent one, and hidden by the opaque one. Translucent is its own group, not a weak kind of transparent.

  1. 1.Any substance used to make an object is called a ___. Which word fills the gap?

  2. 2.Sort each material by how much you can see through it.

    Groups: Transparent · Translucent · Opaque

    • Air
    • Butter paper
    • Window glass
    • Cardboard
    • Frosted glass
    • Wood

  3. 3.Which units does the chapter give for measuring mass?

    • a) Gram and kilogram
    • b) Litre and millilitre
    • c) Metre and centimetre
    • d) Second and minute

  4. 4.Anything that occupies space and has mass is given one general name. What is that name?

  5. 5.Tap the pane you could read a word through clearly.

    Write the number of the part.

    123

  6. 6.A plastic spoon has been coated so that it gleams like silver. Is it a metal?

    • a) Yes, because lustrous materials are metals
    • b) Not necessarily — a surface can be made shiny by polishing or coating
    • c) No material other than a metal can ever shine
    • d) Yes, because plastic becomes metal when it is coated

  7. 7.Match each word to what it describes.

    • Transparent
    • Translucent
    • Opaque
    • you cannot see through it
    • you can see through it clearly
    • you can see through it, but not clearly

  8. 8.A freshly cut piece of iron shines, but an older piece looks dull. What does the chapter give as the reason?

    • a) Iron is non-lustrous once it has been cut
    • b) The older piece was not iron to begin with
    • c) The older piece has stopped being a metal
    • d) Air and moisture have acted on the older surface

Materials around us · Class 6 Science · www.arenapublications.com/learn

Class 6 Science · 7 of 10

Temperature and its measurement

Say why touch cannot judge hotness, read a thermometer correctly, and convert a Celsius temperature to the Kelvin scale.

Before you start

Slide along this laboratory thermometer's scale. Its range runs from one end to the other, and each small step is ten degrees.

-101030507090110

A clinical thermometer covers nothing like this stretch, which is why it cannot be used on boiling water or on ice.

  1. 1.Why are mercury clinical thermometers being replaced by digital ones?

    • a) Mercury thermometers give readings that are too precise
    • b) Digital thermometers do not need to touch the body
    • c) Mercury cannot measure body temperature
    • d) Mercury is extremely toxic and hard to deal with if the thermometer breaks

  2. 2.Can a clinical thermometer be used to measure the temperature of boiling water?

    • a) No, because boiling water has no temperature
    • b) Yes, but the reading has to be doubled
    • c) No — boiling water lies outside its range
    • d) Yes, if it is held in for long enough

  3. 3.A temperature of 37.0 °C on the Celsius scale is the same temperature as which reading on the Fahrenheit scale?

    • a) 100 °F
    • b) 273.15 °F
    • c) 98.6 °F
    • d) 37.0 °F

  4. 4.Put the steps for measuring the temperature of warm water with a laboratory thermometer back into order.

    • Dip the thermometer so the bulb is immersed, clear of the bottom and sides
    • Hold it vertically, without tilting it
    • Read it with your eye level with the top of the column, while it is still immersed
    • Wait until the liquid column stops rising

  5. 5.What liquid does the chapter say a laboratory thermometer generally holds?

    • a) Air on its own
    • b) Alcohol coloured red, or mercury
    • c) Oil coloured green
    • d) Water coloured blue

  6. 6.Why must a laboratory thermometer be read while its bulb is still in the water?

    • a) The glass cracks if it is lifted out too quickly
    • b) The scale becomes unreadable out of water
    • c) The reading takes an hour to settle
    • d) The liquid column starts to fall the moment it is taken out

  7. 7.One hand comes out of warm water and the other out of ice-cold water. Both go into the same bowl of tap water, and they report different things. What does the chapter conclude?

    • a) Warm water makes whatever follows feel cold
    • b) The tap water changed temperature in between
    • c) Touch is not a reliable way to decide how hot something is
    • d) One of the hands is faulty

  8. 8.A thermometer that reads a person's temperature without touching them has a name in the chapter. Which is it?

    • a) A laboratory thermometer
    • b) A mercury thermometer
    • c) A clinical thermometer
    • d) A non-contact, or infrared, thermometer

Temperature and its measurement · Class 6 Science · www.arenapublications.com/learn

Class 6 Science · 8 of 10

States of water and the water cycle

Tell the three states of water apart by how they behave, name the changes between them, and follow water round the water cycle.

Before you start

The stages water passes through on its way from the ocean and back again.

1234
  1. 1. Evaporation
  2. 2. Condensation
  3. 3. Rain
  4. 4. The ocean

Water rises from the ocean as vapour, cools high up into cloud droplets, falls back as rain and flows to the ocean again. There is no first stage — water has been going round this loop far longer than anyone has been watching it.

  1. 1.Clothes take longer to dry on a rainy day than on a dry one. What is the reason the chapter gives?

    • a) The air already holds a lot of water vapour
    • b) Cloth soaks up more water when it is cloudy
    • c) Evaporation stops below a certain temperature
    • d) Rainwater is heavier than ordinary water

  2. 2.Dew forms on plants overnight, and drops gather under the lid of a boiling pan. What is the name of the change turning water vapour back into liquid?

  3. 3.How does the chapter say a cloud is formed?

    • a) Smoke from the ground gathers and turns white
    • b) Cold air sinks and squeezes water out of the ground
    • c) Rising air cools, and its water vapour turns into droplets around dust particles
    • d) Water is lifted from the sea as whole drops by the wind

  4. 4.Sort each substance by the state it is in.

    Groups: Solid · Liquid · Gas

    • Milk
    • Stone
    • Ice
    • Oxygen
    • Water vapour
    • Water

  5. 5.The water cycle turns round and round with no true beginning, so start it from evaporation and put the stages in order from there.

    • Rain
    • Evaporation
    • Condensation
    • Flowing back to the ocean

  6. 6.Water moves round between the Earth's surface and the atmosphere and comes back again. This circulation has a two-word name. What is it?

  7. 7.Match each state of water to the way it behaves when you put it in a container.

    • Ice
    • Water
    • Water vapour
    • spreads through the whole space available
    • keeps its own shape
    • takes the shape of its container

  8. 8.Water is put into a freezer and turns into ice. What is this change called?

    • a) Melting
    • b) Evaporation
    • c) Condensation
    • d) Freezing

States of water and the water cycle · Class 6 Science · www.arenapublications.com/learn

Class 6 Science · 9 of 10

Methods of separation

Name the everyday methods for pulling a mixture apart, and pick the right one for a given mixture.

Before you start

The stages of clearing a pan of tea, and where the leaves end up at each one.

123
  1. 1. Sedimentation — the leaves settle at the bottom
  2. 2. Decantation — the tea is poured off the settled leaves
  3. 3. Filtration — the strainer catches the leaves still floating

Three stages, and each one leaves the tea a little cleaner. Decantation on its own still lets a few leaves through, which is why the strainer comes last.

  1. 1.Sort each method by what it pulls apart.

    Groups: A solid from another solid · A solid from a liquid

    • Filtration
    • Winnowing
    • Sedimentation
    • Handpicking
    • Sieving
    • Evaporation
    • Magnetic separation

  2. 2.Stalks are beaten so the grains come free of them. What is that process called?

  3. 3.Flour is shaken through a fine mesh to hold back the coarse bits. Which method is that?

    • a) Filtration
    • b) Threshing
    • c) Handpicking
    • d) Sieving

  4. 4.Sand has been stirred into water but has not dissolved. Which method separates it out?

    • a) Churning
    • b) Evaporation
    • c) Threshing
    • d) Filtration

  5. 5.A farmer drops a mixture of grain and husk from a height on a windy day. Which method is being used?

    • a) Winnowing
    • b) Sedimentation
    • c) Sieving
    • d) Filtration

  6. 6.Pieces are picked out of a mixture by hand because they differ in size, colour or shape. What is that method called?

  7. 7.After decanting the tea, a few leaves still come through into the cup. What does the chapter do next?

    • a) Decant it a second time
    • b) Accept that the tea cannot be cleared
    • c) Pour it through a strainer, which is filtration
    • d) Boil it until the leaves dissolve

  8. 8.Match each method of separation to what is done in it.

    • Winnowing
    • Sieving
    • Decantation
    • Magnetic separation
    • Threshing
    • blowing air to carry the lighter husk away
    • tilting the vessel to pour the liquid off the settled solid
    • beating stalks to free the grains
    • using a magnet to draw the magnetic pieces out
    • passing a mixture through a sieve to separate by particle size

Methods of separation · Class 6 Science · www.arenapublications.com/learn

Class 6 Science · 10 of 10

Living and non-living

Use the features of living beings to sort living from non-living, and follow a life cycle round from one stage to the next.

Before you start

Which way each part of this germinating seed grows.

123
  1. 1. Shoot
  2. 2. Seed
  3. 3. Root

The shoot grows upwards into the air and the root downwards into the soil. Turn the seed upside down before planting it and the root still finds its way down.

  1. 1.A car moves along a road. Why does the chapter still put it in the non-living group?

    • a) It does not grow, and it cannot produce another car
    • b) It runs on fuel instead of on food
    • c) It moves too fast to be living
    • d) It was made in a factory rather than born

  2. 2.A mosquito's life cycle joins up, so start it from the egg and put the four stages in order from there.

    • Larva
    • Adult
    • Pupa
    • Egg

  3. 3.A frog's life cycle joins up too. Start from the eggs and put the four stages in order from there.

    • Tadpole
    • Eggs
    • Adult frog
    • Froglet

  4. 4.The touch-me-not folds its leaves when you brush against them. What does that show?

    • a) Plants respond to stimuli, as animals do
    • b) The plant is excreting
    • c) The leaves have died at that moment
    • d) The plant is trying to move somewhere else

  5. 5.A tadpole has a tail and lives in water. What is true of the adult frog it becomes?

    • a) It lives on land and cannot enter water
    • b) It keeps the tail and stays in water
    • c) It lives both in water and on land
    • d) It goes back to being a tadpole each year

  6. 6.Tap the part of this germinating seed that grows downwards.

    Write the number of the part.

    123

  7. 7.Which three things does the chapter say a seed needs in order to germinate?

    • a) Water, soil, and a gardener
    • b) Sugar, air, and warmth
    • c) Water, air, and suitable light or dark conditions
    • d) Salt water, darkness, and stillness

  8. 8.Anything that prompts a living being to respond has a one-word name. What is it?

Living and non-living · Class 6 Science · www.arenapublications.com/learn

Answer keys — Class 6 Science

In the same order as the worksheets.

The components of food

  1. 1. Starch → blue-black colour with iodine; Fat → oily patch on paper; Protein → violet colour in the test tube
  2. 2. Rice → Carbohydrate; Potato → Carbohydrate; Butter → Fat; Ghee → Fat; Pulses → Protein; Egg → Protein; Fish → Protein
  3. 3. d) Pulses
  4. 4. d) Carbohydrates and fats
  5. 5. Peas → Plant source of protein; Beans → Plant source of protein; Milk → Animal source of protein; Paneer → Animal source of protein
  6. 6. roughage
  7. 7. b) Carbohydrate
  8. 8. balanced

Vitamins and minerals

  1. 1. Vitamin A → Vitamin; Vitamin C → Vitamin; Vitamin D → Vitamin; Calcium → Mineral; Iodine → Mineral; Iron → Mineral
  2. 2. Vitamin A → loss of vision; Vitamin B1 → beriberi; Vitamin C → scurvy; Vitamin D → rickets; Iodine → goitre; Iron → anaemia
  3. 3. c) Carrot and milk
  4. 4. a) They supply vitamins, minerals such as iron and calcium, and dietary fibre
  5. 5. scurvy
  6. 6.
    • iodised salt
    • iodized salt
  7. 7. a) Nothing — they are still essential to keeping the body healthy
  8. 8. b) Iodine

Exploring magnets

  1. 1. a) Two smaller magnets, each with a North and a South pole
  2. 2.
    • poles
    • pole
  3. 3. Two like poles, North facing North → Repel; Two like poles, South facing South → Repel; Two unlike poles, North facing South → Attract; Two unlike poles, South facing North → Attract
  4. 4. b) See whether one pole of a known magnet pushes it away
  5. 5.
    • north-south
    • south-north
  6. 6. 2 — The middle
  7. 7. b) A ring magnet
  8. 8. Non-magnetic material → left alone by a magnet; Magnetic material → drawn towards a magnet; Magnetic compass → points along north-south

Measuring length

  1. 1. 300
  2. 2. 7000
  3. 3. 7
  4. 4. 1. Lay a thread along the curved line 2. Mark where the curve begins and ends on the thread 3. Straighten the thread out 4. Measure the thread against a metre scale
  5. 5. c) A flexible measuring tape
  6. 6. b) Their handspans are different sizes, so the unit itself differs
  7. 7. metre
  8. 8. Centimetre → Standard unit; Kilometre → Standard unit; Metre → Standard unit; Handspan → Unit taken from the body; Angula → Unit taken from the body

Motion and reference points

  1. 1. c) Circular and oscillatory
  2. 2. a) Each was measuring from their own house instead of from a shared point
  3. 3. a) When its position changes with respect to the reference point over time
  4. 4. a) Delhi
  5. 5. b) Moves to and fro, in the same way as a swing
  6. 6.
    • reference point
    • the reference point
  7. 7. d) At rest, because its position does not change
  8. 8. c) Linear motion

Materials around us

  1. 1. material
  2. 2. Window glass → Transparent; Air → Transparent; Frosted glass → Translucent; Butter paper → Translucent; Wood → Opaque; Cardboard → Opaque
  3. 3. a) Gram and kilogram
  4. 4. matter
  5. 5. 1 — Window glass
  6. 6. b) Not necessarily — a surface can be made shiny by polishing or coating
  7. 7. Transparent → you can see through it clearly; Translucent → you can see through it, but not clearly; Opaque → you cannot see through it
  8. 8. d) Air and moisture have acted on the older surface

Temperature and its measurement

  1. 1. d) Mercury is extremely toxic and hard to deal with if the thermometer breaks
  2. 2. c) No — boiling water lies outside its range
  3. 3. c) 98.6 °F
  4. 4. 1. Dip the thermometer so the bulb is immersed, clear of the bottom and sides 2. Hold it vertically, without tilting it 3. Wait until the liquid column stops rising 4. Read it with your eye level with the top of the column, while it is still immersed
  5. 5. b) Alcohol coloured red, or mercury
  6. 6. d) The liquid column starts to fall the moment it is taken out
  7. 7. c) Touch is not a reliable way to decide how hot something is
  8. 8. d) A non-contact, or infrared, thermometer

States of water and the water cycle

  1. 1. a) The air already holds a lot of water vapour
  2. 2. condensation
  3. 3. c) Rising air cools, and its water vapour turns into droplets around dust particles
  4. 4. Ice → Solid; Stone → Solid; Water → Liquid; Milk → Liquid; Water vapour → Gas; Oxygen → Gas
  5. 5. 1. Evaporation 2. Condensation 3. Rain 4. Flowing back to the ocean
  6. 6.
    • water cycle
    • the water cycle
  7. 7. Ice → keeps its own shape; Water → takes the shape of its container; Water vapour → spreads through the whole space available
  8. 8. d) Freezing

Methods of separation

  1. 1. Handpicking → A solid from another solid; Winnowing → A solid from another solid; Sieving → A solid from another solid; Magnetic separation → A solid from another solid; Filtration → A solid from a liquid; Sedimentation → A solid from a liquid; Evaporation → A solid from a liquid
  2. 2. threshing
  3. 3. d) Sieving
  4. 4. d) Filtration
  5. 5. a) Winnowing
  6. 6.
    • handpicking
    • hand picking
  7. 7. c) Pour it through a strainer, which is filtration
  8. 8. Winnowing → blowing air to carry the lighter husk away; Sieving → passing a mixture through a sieve to separate by particle size; Decantation → tilting the vessel to pour the liquid off the settled solid; Magnetic separation → using a magnet to draw the magnetic pieces out; Threshing → beating stalks to free the grains

Living and non-living

  1. 1. a) It does not grow, and it cannot produce another car
  2. 2. 1. Egg 2. Larva 3. Pupa 4. Adult
  3. 3. 1. Eggs 2. Tadpole 3. Froglet 4. Adult frog
  4. 4. a) Plants respond to stimuli, as animals do
  5. 5. c) It lives both in water and on land
  6. 6. 3 — Root
  7. 7. c) Water, air, and suitable light or dark conditions
  8. 8. stimulus

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